Which chromosome do males carry

However, there are exceptions to this rule. The sex chromosomes determine the sex of offspring. The father can contribute an X or a Y chromosome, while the mother always contributes an X. The Y chromosome is one-third the size of the X chromosome and contains about 55 genes while the X chromosome has about genes. In genealogy, the male lineage is often traced using the Y chromosome because it is only passed down from the father. All individuals carrying a Y chromosome are related through a single XY ancestor who likely lived around , years ago.

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The diagram looks like a diamond that has been divided into four equal square cells. The second Punnett square represents the sex determination system in insects. In this case, two of the four quadrants contain the genotype XX, resulting in female offspring; the remaining two quadrants contain the genotype X-, resulting in male offspring.

The third Punnett square represents the sex determination system in birds. In this case, two of the four quadrants contain the genotype ZZ, resulting in male offspring; the remaining two quadrants contain the genotype ZW, resulting in female offspring. More on sex determination. In some animals, sex can be determined by environmental conditions Sex Determination in Honeybees Scientists report sex reversal in a transgenic mous.

The variety of inheritance patterns described in this article illustrate that sex determination is a complex and varied feature among organisms. Key Questions How can environmental conditions determine sex in some animals? What have honeybees taught scientists about sex determination?

What do transgenic mice reveal about sex reversal? What did beetles and wasps teach us about sex chromosomes?

Topic rooms within Genetics Close. No topic rooms are there. Browse Visually. Other Topic Rooms Genetics. Student Voices. Creature Cast. Simply Science. Green Screen. Green Science. This XY sex-determination system is found in most mammals as well as some reptiles and plants. Whether a person has XX or XY chromosomes is determined when a sperm fertilizes an egg.

Unlike the body's other cells, the cells in the egg and sperm — called gametes or sex cells — possess only one chromosome. Gametes are produced by meiosis cell division, which results in the divided cells having half the number of chromosomes as the parent, or progenitor, cells.

In the case of humans, this means that parent cells have two chromosomes and gametes have one. All of the gametes in the mother's eggs possess X chromosomes. The father's sperm contains about half X and half Y chromosomes. The sperm are the variable factor in determining the sex of the baby. If the sperm carries an X chromosome, it will combine with the egg's X chromosome to form a female zygote.

If the sperm carries a Y chromosome , it will result in a male. During fertilization, gametes from the sperm combine with gametes from the egg to form a zygote. The zygote contains two sets of 23 chromosomes, for the required There are some variations, though.